The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious cup on 14 separate times.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match between the French league champions and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger opened the net early on.
Yet, the southern French side struck two times in the closing moments to take a surprise advantage. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital equaliser in the final seconds to send the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for PSG to complete a 4-1 penalty win.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the last thirteen years.